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where $\sigma^2$ is the variance, $\sigma$ is the standard deviation, $n$ is the size of the replicated spectra set with i being the corresponding index, $I_i$ is the peak intensity for spectrum $i$ , and $I_{av}$ is the mean over all spectra i .e. the sum of all peak intensities divided by $n$.
As the value of $n$ in the above equation is '''always very low ''' since normally only a couple of spectra are collected per replicated spectra set, '''the variance of all spins ''' is '''averaged ''' for a '''single replicated spectra set'''. <br>
Although this results in all spins having the same error, the accuracy of the error estimate is significantly improved.
