<math>
\alpha_- = R_2^A - R_2^B + k_{\textrm{AB}} - k_{\textrm{BA}} \\
\zeta = 2 \Delta \omega \, (R_2^A - R_2^B - p_A k_{\textrm{EX}} + p_B k_{\textrm{EX}}) \\
\Psi = (R_2^A - R_2^B - p_A k_{\textrm{EX}} + p_B k_{\textrm{EX}})^2 - \Delta \omega^2 + 4 p_A p_B k_{\textrm{ex}}^2 \\